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Template:Infobox platinum

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Platinum, 78Pt
File:Platinum crystals.jpg
Platinum
Pronunciation/ˈplætənəm/ ​(PLAT-ən-əm)
Appearancesilvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Pt)
Platinum in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Pd
↑
Pt
↓
Ds
iridium ← platinum → gold
Atomic number (Z)78
Groupgroup 10
Periodperiod 6
Block  d-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point2041.4 K ​(1768.3 °C, ​3214.9 °F)
Boiling point4098 K ​(3825 °C, ​6917 °F)
Density (at 20° C)21.452 g/cm3 [3]
when liquid (at m.p.)19.77 g/cm3
Heat of fusion22.17 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization510 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.86 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 2330 (2550) 2815 3143 3556 4094
Atomic properties
Oxidation statescommon: +2, +4
−3,? −2,? −1,? 0,? +1,? +3,? +5,[4] +6[4]
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.28
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 870 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1791 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius136±5 pm
Van der Waals radius175 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of platinum
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​face-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4)
Lattice constanta = 392.36 pm (at 20 °C)[3]
Thermal expansion8.93×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[3]
Thermal conductivity71.6 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity105 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility+201.9 × 10−6 cm3/mol (290 K)[5]
Tensile strength125–240 MPa
Young's modulus168 GPa
Shear modulus61 GPa
Bulk modulus230 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod2800 m/s (at r.t.)
Poisson ratio0.38
Mohs hardness3.5
Vickers hardness400–550 MPa
Brinell hardness300–500 MPa
CAS Number7440-06-4
History
DiscoveryAntonio de Ulloa (1735)
Isotopes of platinum
Main isotopes[6] Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
190Pt 0.0120% 4.83×1011 y α 186Os
192Pt 0.782% stable
193Pt synth 50 y ε 193Ir
194Pt 32.9% stable
195Pt 33.8% stable
196Pt 25.2% stable
198Pt 7.36% stable
File:Symbol category class.svg Category: Platinum
| references
child table, as reused in {IB-Pt}
Main isotopes of platinum
Main isotopes[6] Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
190Pt 0.0120% 4.83×1011 y α 186Os
192Pt 0.782% stable
193Pt synth 50 y ε 193Ir
194Pt 32.9% stable
195Pt 33.8% stable
196Pt 25.2% stable
198Pt 7.36% stable
Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt) caption:

alt:
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
File:Notification-icon-Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01)
See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (0) · (this table:
)

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
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  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  5. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).

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