Template:Infobox rubidium

Rubidium, ₃₇Rb

File:Rb5.JPG
Rubidium
Pronunciation	/ruːˈbɪdiəm/ ​(roo-BID-ee-əm)
Appearance	grey white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Rb)
	85.4678±0.0003 85.468±0.001 (abridged)
Rubidium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson K ↑ Rb ↓ Cs krypton ← rubidium → strontium
Atomic number (Z)	37
Group	group 1: hydrogen and alkali metals
Period	period 5
Block	s-block
Electron configuration	[Kr] 5s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	312.45 K ​(39.30 °C, ​102.74 °F)
Boiling point	961 K ​(688 °C, ​1270 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	1.534 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	1.46 g/cm3
Triple point	312.41 K, ​? kPa
Critical point	2093 K, 16 MPa (extrapolated)
Heat of fusion	2.19 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	69 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	31.060 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 434 486 552 641 769 958
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	common: +1 −1
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 0.82
Ionization energies	1st: 403 kJ/mol 2nd: 2632.1 kJ/mol 3rd: 3859.4 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 248 pm
Covalent radius	220±9 pm
Van der Waals radius	303 pm
Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of rubidium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​body-centered cubic (bcc) (cI2)
Lattice constant	Body-centered cubic crystal structure for rubidium a = 569.9 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	85.6×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	58.2 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	128 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+17.0×10−6 cm3/mol (303 K)
Young's modulus	2.4 GPa
Bulk modulus	2.5 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	1300 m/s (at 20 °C)
Mohs hardness	0.3
Brinell hardness	0.216 MPa
CAS Number	7440-17-7
History
Discovery	Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff (1861)
First isolation	George de Hevesy
Isotopes of rubidium
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 82Rb synth 1.2575 m β+ 82Kr 83Rb synth 86.2 d ε 83Kr γ – 84Rb synth 32.9 d ε 84Kr β+ 84Kr γ – β− 84Sr 85Rb 72.2% stable 86Rb synth 18.7 d β− 86Sr γ – 87Rb 27.8% 4.923×1010 y β− 87Sr

Rb · Rubidium
Kr ← ibox Kr	iso 37 Rb  [] IB-Rb [] IBisos []	→ Sr ibox Sr
File:Symbol category class.svg cat:Rb (0) File:Symbol category class.svg cat:Rb-isotopes (0) File:Commons-logo.svg Commons File:Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata:Q895 File:Wiktionary-logo.svg Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page)

child table, as reused in {IB-Rb}
Main isotopes of rubidium
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 82Rb synth 1.2575 m β+ 82Kr 83Rb synth 86.2 d ε 83Kr γ – 84Rb synth 32.9 d ε 84Kr β+ 84Kr γ – β− 84Sr 85Rb 72.2% stable 86Rb synth 18.7 d β− 86Sr γ – 87Rb 27.8% 4.923×1010 y β− 87Sr

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt)	caption: alt:
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
most stable isotope
File:Notification-icon-Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (0) · (this table: )

References

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