Template:Infobox tungsten

Tungsten, ₇₄W

File:Wolfram evaporated crystals and 1cm3 cube.jpg
Tungsten
Pronunciation	/ˈtʌŋstən/ ​(TUNG-stən)
Alternative name	Wolfram, pronounced: /ˈwʊlfrəm/ (WUUL-frəm)
Allotropes	α-tungsten (common), β-tungsten
Appearance	Grayish white, lustrous
Standard atomic weight Ar°(W)
	183.84±0.01 183.84±0.01 (abridged)
Tungsten in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Mo ↑ W ↓ Sg tantalum ← tungsten → rhenium
Atomic number (Z)	74
Group	group 6
Period	period 6
Block	d-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	3695 K ​(3422 °C, ​6192 °F)
Boiling point	6203 K ​(5930 °C, ​10706 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	19.254 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	17.6 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	52.31 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	774 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.27 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 3477 3773 4137 4579 5127 5823
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	common: +4, +6 −4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +5
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.36
Ionization energies	1st: 770 kJ/mol 2nd: 1700 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius	162±7 pm
Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of tungsten
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​body-centered cubic (bcc) (cI2)
Lattice constant	Body-centered cubic crystal structure for tungsten a = 316.52 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	4.42×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	173 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	52.8 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+59.0×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
Young's modulus	411 GPa
Shear modulus	161 GPa
Bulk modulus	310 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	4620 m/s (at r.t.) (annealed)
Poisson ratio	0.28
Mohs hardness	7.5
Vickers hardness	3430–4600 MPa
Brinell hardness	2000–4000 MPa
CAS Number	7440-33-7
History
Discovery and first isolation	Juan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar (1783)
Named by	Torbern Bergman (1781)
Symbol	"W": from Wolfram, originally from Middle High German wolf-rahm 'wolf's foam' describing the mineral wolframite
Isotopes of tungsten
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 180W 0.120% 1.8×1018 y α 176Hf 181W synth 121.2 d ε 181Ta 182W 26.5% stable 183W 14.3% stable 184W 30.6% stable 185W synth 75.1 d β− 185Re 186W 28.4% stable 188W synth 69.78 d β− 188Re

W · Tungsten
Ta ← ibox Ta	iso 74 W  [] IB-W [] IBisos []	→ Re ibox Re
File:Symbol category class.svg cat:W (0) File:Symbol category class.svg cat:W-isotopes (0) File:Commons-logo.svg Commons File:Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata:Q743 File:Wiktionary-logo.svg Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page)

child table, as reused in {IB-W}
Main isotopes of tungsten
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 180W 0.120% 1.8×1018 y α 176Hf 181W synth 121.2 d ε 181Ta 182W 26.5% stable 183W 14.3% stable 184W 30.6% stable 185W synth 75.1 d β− 185Re 186W 28.4% stable 188W synth 69.78 d β− 188Re

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt)	caption: alt:
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
most stable isotope
File:Notification-icon-Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (0) · (this table: )

References

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