Template:Infobox fluorine
Appearance
Small sample of pale yellow liquid fluorine condensed in liquid nitrogen Liquid fluorine (F2 at extremely low temperature) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Fluorine | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Pronunciation | |||||||||||||||||||||
Allotropes | alpha, beta (see Allotropes of fluorine) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Appearance | gas: very pale yellow liquid: bright yellow solid: alpha is opaque, beta is transparent | ||||||||||||||||||||
Standard atomic weight Ar°(F) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Fluorine in the periodic table | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Atomic number (Z) | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Group | group 17 (halogens) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Period | period 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Block | p-block | ||||||||||||||||||||
Electron configuration | [He] 2s2 2p5[3] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Electrons per shell | 2, 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Physical properties | |||||||||||||||||||||
Phase at STP | gas | ||||||||||||||||||||
Melting point | (F2) 53.48 K (−219.67 °C, −363.41 °F)[4] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Boiling point | (F2) 85.03 K (−188.11 °C, −306.60 °F)[4] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Density (at STP) | 1.696 g/L[5] | ||||||||||||||||||||
when liquid (at b.p.) | 1.505 g/cm3[6] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Triple point | 53.48 K, .252 kPa[7] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Critical point | 144.41 K, 5.1724 MPa[4] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Heat of vaporization | 6.51 kJ/mol[5] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Molar heat capacity | Cp: 31 J/(mol·K)[6] (at 21.1 °C) Cv: 23 J/(mol·K)[6] (at 21.1 °C) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Vapor pressure
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Atomic properties | |||||||||||||||||||||
Oxidation states | common: −1 0[8] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 3.98[3] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ionization energies | |||||||||||||||||||||
Covalent radius | 64 pm[10] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Van der Waals radius | 135 pm[11] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other properties | |||||||||||||||||||||
Natural occurrence | primordial | ||||||||||||||||||||
Crystal structure | cubic | ||||||||||||||||||||
Thermal conductivity | 0.02591 W/(m⋅K)[12] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic (−1.2×10−4)[13][14] | ||||||||||||||||||||
CAS Number | 7782-41-4[3] | ||||||||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||||||||
Naming | after the mineral fluorite, itself named after Latin fluo (to flow, in smelting) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Discovery | André-Marie Ampère (1810) | ||||||||||||||||||||
First isolation | Henri Moissan[3] (June 26, 1886) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Named by | |||||||||||||||||||||
Isotopes of fluorine | |||||||||||||||||||||
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F · Fluorine | ||
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O ← |
→ Ne | |
indexes by PT (page) |
child table, as reused in {IB-F} | |||||||||||||||||||||
Main isotopes of fluorine | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Data sets read by {{Infobox element}} | |
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Name and identifiers | |
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial) | |
Top image (caption, alt) | caption: alt: |
Pronunciation | |
Allotropes (overview) | |
Group (overview) | |
Period (overview) | |
Block (overview) | |
Natural occurrence | |
Phase at STP | |
Oxidation states | |
Spectral lines image | |
Electron configuration (cmt, ref) | |
Isotopes | |
Standard atomic weight | |
most stable isotope | |
File:Notification-icon-Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata | |
Wikidata * | |
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (0) · (this table: ) |
References
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ↑ Jump up to: 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Jaccaud et al. 2000, p. 381.
- ↑ Jump up to: 4.0 4.1 4.2 Haynes 2011, p. 4.121.
- ↑ Jump up to: 5.0 5.1 Jaccaud et al. 2000, p. 382.
- ↑ Jump up to: 6.0 6.1 6.2 Compressed Gas Association 1999, p. 365.
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ↑ Gold heptafluoride, synthesized at low temperature, is calculated to be a complex of molecular fluorine with gold pentafluoride, with F-F bonding in the F2 evidenced by IR spectroscopy; see Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ↑ Dean 1999, p. 4.6.
- ↑ Dean 1999, p. 4.35.
- ↑ Matsui 2006, p. 257.
- ↑ Yaws & Braker 2001, p. 385.
- ↑ Mackay, Mackay & Henderson 2002, p. 72.
- ↑ Cheng et al. 1999.
- ↑ Jump up to: 15.0 15.1 Chisté & Bé 2011.
One of these is a named reference. It may be cited in the containing article as
- <ref name="CIAAW2013" /> for the source Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (from subtemplates used by {{Infobox element}})
The others are shortened footnotes created with {{sfn}}. In the Fluorine article they are hyperlinked to sources in the list at Fluorine#Indexed references.
- Sources
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