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Template:Infobox terbium

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Terbium, 65Tb
File:Terbium-2.jpg
Terbium
Pronunciation/ˈtɜːrbiəm/ ​(TUR-bee-əm)
Appearancesilvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Tb)
Terbium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
–
↑
Tb
↓
Bk
gadolinium ← terbium → dysprosium
Atomic number (Z)65
Groupf-block groups (no number)
Periodperiod 6
Block  f-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point1629 K ​(1356 °C, ​2473 °F)
Boiling point3396 K ​(3123 °C, ​5653 °F)
Density (at 20° C)8.229 g/cm3 [3]
when liquid (at m.p.)7.65 g/cm3
Heat of fusion10.15 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization391 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity28.91 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1789 1979 (2201) (2505) (2913) (3491)
Atomic properties
Oxidation statescommon: +3
0,[4] +1,[5] +2,[6] +4[7]
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.2 (?)
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 565.8 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1110 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2114 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 177 pm
Covalent radius194±5 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of terbium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​hexagonal close-packed (hcp) (hP2)
Lattice constantsa = 360.56 pm
c = 569.66 pm (at 20 °C)[3]
Thermal expansionat r.t. poly: 10.3 µm/(m⋅K)
Thermal conductivity11.1 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivityα, poly: 1.150 µΩ⋅m (at r.t.)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic at 300 K
Molar magnetic susceptibility+146000×10−6 cm3/mol (273 K)[8]
Young's modulus55.7 GPa
Shear modulus22.1 GPa
Bulk modulus38.7 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod2620 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio0.261
Vickers hardness450–865 MPa
Brinell hardness675–1200 MPa
CAS Number7440-27-9
History
Namingafter Ytterby (Sweden), where it was mined
Discovery and first isolationCarl Gustaf Mosander (1843)
Isotopes of terbium
Main isotopes[9] Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
157Tb synth 71 y ε 157Gd
158Tb synth 180 y ε 158Gd
β− 158Dy
159Tb 100% stable
File:Symbol category class.svg Category: Terbium
| references
child table, as reused in {IB-Tb}
Main isotopes of terbium
Main isotopes[9] Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
157Tb synth 71 y ε 157Gd
158Tb synth 180 y ε 158Gd
β− 158Dy
159Tb 100% stable
Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt) caption:

alt:
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
File:Notification-icon-Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01)
See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (0) · (this table:
)

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  2. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  4. ↑ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). and Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  5. ↑ La(I), Pr(I), Tb(I), Tm(I), and Yb(I) have been observed in MB8− clusters; see Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  6. ↑ All the lanthanides, except Pm, in the +2 oxidation state have been observed in organometallic molecular complexes, see Lanthanides Topple Assumptions and Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).. Additionally, all the lanthanides (La–Lu) form dihydrides (LnH2), dicarbides (LnC2), monosulfides (LnS), monoselenides (LnSe), and monotellurides (LnTe), but for most elements these compounds have Ln3+ ions with electrons delocalized into conduction bands, e. g. Ln3+(H−)2(e−).
  7. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  8. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2088: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).

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