Template:Infobox calcium

Calcium, ₂₀Ca

File:Calcium unter Argon Schutzgasatmosphäre.jpg
Calcium
Appearance	dull gray, silver; with a pale yellow tint
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ca)
	40.078±0.004 40.078±0.004 (abridged)
Calcium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Mg ↑ Ca ↓ Sr potassium ← calcium → scandium
Atomic number (Z)	20
Group	group 2 (alkaline earth metals)
Period	period 4
Block	s-block
Electron configuration	[Ar] 4s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1115 K ​(842 °C, ​1548 °F)
Boiling point	1757 K ​(1484 °C, ​2703 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	1.526 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	1.378 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	8.54 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	154.7 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.929 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 864 956 1071 1227 1443 1755
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	common: +2 +1
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.00
Ionization energies	1st: 589.8 kJ/mol 2nd: 1145.4 kJ/mol 3rd: 4912.4 kJ/mol (more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 197 pm
Covalent radius	176±10 pm
Van der Waals radius	231 pm
Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of calcium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​face-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4)
Lattice constant	Face-centered cubic crystal structure for calcium a = 558.8 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	22.27×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	201 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	33.6 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+40.0×10−6 cm3/mol
Young's modulus	20 GPa
Shear modulus	7.4 GPa
Bulk modulus	17 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	3810 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs hardness	1.75
Brinell hardness	170–416 MPa
CAS Number	7440-70-2
History
Discovery and first isolation	Humphry Davy (1808)
Isotopes of calcium
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 40Ca 96.9% stable 41Ca trace 9.94×104 y ε 41K 42Ca 0.647% stable 43Ca 0.135% stable 44Ca 2.09% stable 45Ca synth 163 d β− 45Sc 46Ca 0.004% stable 47Ca synth 4.5 d β− 47Sc 48Ca 0.187% 6.4×1019 y β−β− 48Ti

Ca · Calcium
K ← ibox K	iso 20 Ca  [] IB-Ca [] IBisos []	→ Sc ibox Sc
File:Symbol category class.svg cat:Ca (0) File:Symbol category class.svg cat:Ca-isotopes (0) File:Commons-logo.svg Commons File:Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata:Q706 File:Wiktionary-logo.svg Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page)

child table, as reused in {IB-Ca}
Main isotopes of calcium
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 40Ca 96.9% stable 41Ca trace 9.94×104 y ε 41K 42Ca 0.647% stable 43Ca 0.135% stable 44Ca 2.09% stable 45Ca synth 163 d β− 45Sc 46Ca 0.004% stable 47Ca synth 4.5 d β− 47Sc 48Ca 0.187% 6.4×1019 y β−β− 48Ti

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt)	caption: alt:
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
most stable isotope
File:Notification-icon-Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (0) · (this table: )

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.

Two of these are named references. They may be cited in the containing article as

• <ref name="CIAAW2013" /> for the source Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (from subtemplates used by {{Infobox element}})
• <ref name="West" /> for the source edited by Kneck et al.