Template:Infobox scandium

Scandium, ₂₁Sc

File:Scandium sublimed dendritic and 1cm3 cube.jpg
Scandium
Pronunciation	/ˈskændiəm/ ​(SKAN-dee-əm)
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Sc)
	44.955907±0.000004 44.956±0.001 (abridged)
Scandium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson – ↑ Sc ↓ Y calcium ← scandium → titanium
Atomic number (Z)	21
Group	group 3
Period	period 4
Block	d-block
Electron configuration	[Ar] 3d1 4s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1814 K ​(1541 °C, ​2806 °F)
Boiling point	3109 K ​(2836 °C, ​5136 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	2.989 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	2.80 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	14.1 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	332.7 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.52 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1645 1804 (2006) (2266) (2613) (3101)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	common: +3 0, +1, +2
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.36
Ionization energies	1st: 633.1 kJ/mol 2nd: 1235.0 kJ/mol 3rd: 2388.6 kJ/mol (more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 162 pm
Covalent radius	170±7 pm
Van der Waals radius	211 pm
Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of scandium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​hexagonal close-packed (hcp) (hP2)
Lattice constants	Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for scandium a = 330.89 pm c = 526.80 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	9.97×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	15.8 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	α, poly: 562 nΩ⋅m (at r.t., calculated)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+315.0×10−6 cm3/mol (292 K)
Young's modulus	74.4 GPa
Shear modulus	29.1 GPa
Bulk modulus	56.6 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.279
Brinell hardness	736–1200 MPa
CAS Number	7440-20-2
History
Naming	after Scandinavia
Prediction	Dmitri Mendeleev (1871)
Discovery	Lars Fredrik Nilson (1879)
First isolation	W. Fischer, K. Brünger, H. Grieneisen (1937)
Isotopes of scandium
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 44Sc synth 4.0421 h ε 44Ca 44m3Sc synth 58.61 h IT 44Sc γ 44Sc ε 44Ca 45Sc 100% stable 46Sc synth 83.757 d β− 46Ti γ – 47Sc synth 3.3492 d β− 47Ti γ – 48Sc synth 43.67 h β− 48Ti γ –

Sc · Scandium
Ca ← ibox Ca	iso 21 Sc  [] IB-Sc [] IBisos []	→ Ti ibox Ti
File:Symbol category class.svg cat:Sc (0) File:Symbol category class.svg cat:Sc-isotopes (0) File:Commons-logo.svg Commons File:Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata:Q713 File:Wiktionary-logo.svg Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page)

child table, as reused in {IB-Sc}
Main isotopes of scandium
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 44Sc synth 4.0421 h ε 44Ca 44m3Sc synth 58.61 h IT 44Sc γ 44Sc ε 44Ca 45Sc 100% stable 46Sc synth 83.757 d β− 46Ti γ – 47Sc synth 3.3492 d β− 47Ti γ – 48Sc synth 43.67 h β− 48Ti γ –

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt)	caption: alt:
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
most stable isotope
File:Notification-icon-Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (0) · (this table: )

References

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